Correct solutions were received from Mary Fortune (Birchwood Community High School) and Chor Kiang Tan. Well done.

Part 1

First, find the total ounces of bread.
600 x 35 x 24 ounces = 504000 ounces

Now, find the new number of men-shares needed.
4800 x 45 = 120000

Divide 504000 ounces by 120000 to get 2 1/3 ounces a day.

Hence, each man must only eat 2 1/3 ounces of bread a day.

Part 2

£14 10s = 290s

£5 7/16 = 108.75 shillings

Weight (cwt) Distance (miles) Amount (shillings)
60 can be transported for 20 for 290
1 can be transported for 20 for 290/60 = 29/6
1 can be transported for 30 (29/6)x(30/20)s = 7.25
(1/7.25) can be transported for 30 1
108.75 x (1/7.25) can be transported for 30 108.75

Since 108.75 /7.25 = 15

Hence, 15 cwt can be carried for 30 miles at a cost of £5 7/16