Correct solutions were received from Mary (Birchwood Community High School) and Chor Kiang. Well done.

Part 1

First, find the total ounces of bread.
$600 \times35 \times24$ ounces $= 504000$ ounces

Now, find the new number of men-shares needed.
$4800 \times45 = 120000$

Divide $504000$ ounces by $120000$ to get $2 1/3$ ounces a day.

Hence, each man must only eat $2 1/3$ ounces of bread a day.

Part 2

$£14 10\text{s} = 290\text{s}$

$£5 7/16 = 108.75$ shillings

Weight (cwt) Distance (miles) Amount (shillings)
$60$ can be transported for $20$ for $290$
$1$ can be transported for $20$ for $290/60 = 29/6$
$1$ can be transported for $30$ $(29/6)\times(30/20)\text{s} = 7.25$
$(1/7.25)$ can be transported for $30$ $1$
$108.75 \times (1/7.25)$ can be transported for $30$ $108.75$

Since $108.75 /7.25 = 15$

Hence, $15$ cwt can be carried for $30$ miles at a cost of $£5 7/16$